Which of these statements are true?

Consider the following: the aim of a study was to compare the effects of standard physical therapy vs standard physical therapy and Tai Chi on risk of falling in elderly females.  Twenty four independent living elderly females ages 65 and older were selected.  Pre-test of fall risk was conducted on all participates. Participants were then randomly assigned to either a regular physical therapy group or physical therapy and Tai Chi group. They participated in sessions 3x weekly for 12 weeks.  Measurement of fall risk took place at 12 weeks.   What is the independent variable? 

Which type of study design represents a “snapshot” in time and can be used to determine prevalence. 

The generalizability of the results to the whole population pertains to what kind of validity?

The process by which an editor sends out a manuscript to a handful of leading researchers in that disciple and requests it to be critiqued with recommendations for revisions describes the _________. 

The null hypothesis states that there will be no difference between the mean of group 1 and the mean of group 2. At an a = 0.05, What type of error is made when the obtained p value = 0.03 and the statistical decision was to reject the null and state that there is a difference between group means. 

A ____________ is when we reject the null hypothesis however the null hypothesis is actually true and there is not difference between groups.  This is considered a false positive. 

When it is important that a sample appropriately represents each subgroup of a population, the following sampling technique would be used. 

Scaled responses to questionnaire items such as strongly agree, agree, no opinion, and so on are referred to as _______ scale items.

The strongest form of validity is