American Girl is introducing their new doll of the year on F…

American Girl is introducing their new doll of the year on Friday.  Based on past experience, the company expects huge crowds at each store nationwide days before the release.  Therefore, they guarantee dolls to those in line who receive a bracelet.  Those that don’t receive a bracelet receive a voucher to return to the store in 2 weeks to purchase their doll.  This strategy aims to shift demand from the release date to a few weeks later, which is an example of ____________________________ .

A wildfire in California destroyed 40 million acres of trees…

A wildfire in California destroyed 40 million acres of trees – the main source of paper manufacturing.  Hammermill (a major copy paper manufacturer in the United States) had to shift to suppliers in neighboring states.  This is an example of which micro- or macro-environmental factor?

McDonalds learned from numerous surveys that customers wante…

McDonalds learned from numerous surveys that customers wanted their food fresh, fast, and hot.  However, their styrofoam containers were really bad for the environment.  So they changed their packaging to use recycled cardboard, which gave customers what they wanted in a way that was good for society.   This is an example of which marketing management orientation?