Computer programs are available that produce “random numbers” which are used in simulation studies of the sampling distributions of statistics.  One researcher used a computer program to generate 100 single-digit integers (0 through 9) and tabulated the frequency with which each occurred.  One concern is whether the computer program could be expected (in the “long run”) to produce equal numbers of each integer.  The table below summarizes the observed and expected frequencies. What is the minimum value of the Chi-Square that would lead to the conclusion that the computer program was defective (that is, P-value < 0.05)?

Why would a programmer want to intentionally raise an exception?

When considering management of nuisance macroalgal growth on coral reefs, bottom-up control refers to reducing:

When body temperature increases, the extra heat is stored in the .  Blood is moved to the .  Heat then passes from the body to the and body temperatures comes back down.   When body temperature decreases, is moved towards the and away from the , in order to protect itself.

In a batch culture, nutrient concentrations remain constant throughout the growth of the algal population.

F25_Exam 3_Make-up.pdf

The relatively soft and flexible extracellular matrix (ECM) of red algae prevents non-gamete cells from undergoing fusion, unlike in other eukaryotes.

Scalariform conjugation in zygnematalean algae confers advantages including:

This hormone makes sure that fuel is in the blood and causes skeletal muscle and bone to undergo mitosis and therefore, grow:

  Based on the phylogeny, these groups are monophyletic (select all true statements):