This German emperor captured Rome in 962. expelled the Pope and installed his own in an attempt to reform the papacy.

List the Five Pillars of Islam. (1 pt. each)Format your answer as follows:61.62.63.64.65.

This pope’s authority was guaranteed by the Isodorean Descretals and The Donation of Constantine.

The ________________ adopted transubstantiation.

_________ developed around A.D. 1100, and were viewed as “corporations” or townships made up of individuals sharing a common purpose in study.

__________________ was one of Muhammad’s early converts to Islam.

This Jewish religious sect was similar to a monastic order and possessed several similarities to Christianity.

________________ was NOT one of the “Great Cappadocians.”

Roman Gnostics believed that Jehovah of the OT was not the same God as that of Luke’s gospel.

He was the last of the great medieval popes, who issued the doctrine of the “two swords” in 1302, which detailed the differences in the power held by the emperor and the papacy.