Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine are measured to assess kidney function. Urea, the end product of protein metabolism, and creatinine, a result of skeletal muscle use, are normally excreted by the kidney. When kidney function is impaired, BUN and creatinine are

A client is admitted with acute kidney injury (AKI) and a urine output greater than 2000 mL/day. What is the major concern of the nurse regarding this client’s care?

A client is assessed by the nurse after a hemodialysis session. A new nurse flushed the clients dialysis catheter with heparin per protocol. The nurse notes excessive bleeding from the client’s nose and around the intravenous catheter. What action by the nurse is the priority?

A patient is diagnosed with hydronephrosis. What is a serious complication that could result from this condition?

A client with acute kidney injury has a blood pressure of 76/55 mm Hg. The health care provider ordered 1000 mL of normal saline to be infused over 1 hour to maintain perfusion. The client is starting to develop shortness of breath. The client remains coherent with a pulse oximeter reading of 95%. What is the nurse’s priority action?

The charge nurse is orienting a float nurse to an assigned client with an arteriovenous (AV) fistula for hemodialysis in her left arm. Which action by the float nurse would be considered unsafe?

A client is being treated for heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is experiencing nausea, vomiting, visual changes, and anorexia. The nurse reviews the clients medications. Which action by the nurse is best?

After teaching a client with bacterial cystitis who is prescribed phenazopyridine (Pyridium), the nurse assesses the client’s understanding. Which statement made by the client indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?

The nurse is administering sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) to a client diagnosed with bacterial prostatitis. Which finding causes the nurse to question this medication for this client?

A nurse cares for a middle-aged female client with diabetes mellitus who is being treated for the third episode of acute pyelonephritis in the past year. The client asks, “What can I do to help prevent these infections?” How should the nurse respond?