Diagnose the following patient. Make sure to provide evidence as to why you feel they have that disorder. Also, include a treatment plan.    Maria, a 29-year-old graduate student, served as a medic in active combat zones overseas. About 14 months ago, during a convoy attack, she witnessed the death of a fellow medic and sustained minor injuries herself. Since then, she has experienced:  1. Intrusion of symptoms: frequent involuntary distressing memories of the attack, recurring distressing nightmares, and occasional flashbacks where she feels the event is happening again. Strong distress when exposed to loud noises (sirens, explosions) or reminders of combat.  2. Avoidance: avoids driving near military checkpoints or ambulances, avoids conversations about the event, and avoids large crowds or loud, unpredictable environments.  3. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood: persistent negative beliefs about safety and the world (“things will always be dangerous”), blame toward herself for what happened, diminished interest in activities she once enjoyed, feelings of detachment from others, and an inability to experience positive emotions.  4. Alterations in arousal and reactivity: hyper vigilance, exaggerated startle response to loud noises, irritability with friends and classmates, difficulty concentrating in lectures, and sleep disturbances (nightmares and insomnia).  5. Duration and impairment: symptoms have persisted for about 13 months and cause clinically significant distress and impairment in daily functioning, including missing classes, reduced motivation for research, and strained relationships with peers and roommates.  There is no history of substance use or medical illness that could explain the symptoms, and no other psychiatric condition better accounting for the symptoms at this time. 

Jessica was told by her nurse practitioner she has signs and symptoms of hyperandrogenism.  Which of these conditions are consistent with hyperandrogenism?

Diagnose the following patient. Make sure to provide evidence as to why you feel they have that disorder. Also, include a treatment plan.     

Diagnose the following patient. Make sure to provide evidence as to why you feel they have that disorder. Also, include a treatment plan.    Alex, a 22-year-old junior psychology major, has been living in a campus dorm while taking a heavier course load this semester. Over the past eight months, Alex has experienced pervasive, often excessive worry about many areas of life: grades, finances, family health, future career prospects, and even routine daily tasks. The worrying is difficult to control and occurs most days, with peak intensity in the evenings before classes and during study periods.  Alex reports and cognitive symptoms that accompany the worry: muscle tension in the neck and shoulders, headaches, fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating in lectures. Sleep has become inconsistent — taking longer to fall asleep and waking multiple times during the night. Even when there is no immediate threat, Alex’s mind keeps racing with worst-case scenarios and “what if” thoughts. The worries interfere with academics (missed deadlines, reduced study efficiency), campus involvement (skipping club meetings), and relationships (tension with roommates and friends due to irritability and seeking constant reassurance).  Alex does not report panic attacks, major depressive episodes, or substance use that could explain the symptoms. There is no history of trauma or medical illness that could account for the anxiety. Family history is notable for a parent with chronic worry, but Alex has always been relatively high-functioning before this period. 

Which of the following conditions are commonly related to obesity?

Which of the following are important considerations when counseling a patient with obesity on weight loss?

Diagnose the following patient. Make sure to provide evidence as to why you feel they have that disorder. Also, include a treatment plan.    Mina, a 20-year-old sophomore living in campus housing, has been struggling for about 9 months with intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors centered on cleanliness and safety. She worries that failing to complete certain rituals could harm others or herself, and she often feels compelled to perform these rituals to reduce intense anxiety.  Obsessions: Fear of germs and contamination from touching doors, elevator buttons, or shared surfaces.  Fear of leaving a stove on or a door unlocked, which could lead someone being harmed.  Worries that she might accidentally cause harm if she forgets to repeat a task or phrase a certain way.  Compulsions:  Hand-washing for 15-20 minutes after class or touching public surfaces.  Repeatedly checking doors and windows 5-8 times before leaving her dorm or going to class.  Arranging books and supplies in a precise order and re-reading notes multiple times to “feel right.” Repeating a neutralizing phrase or counting steps to prevent bad outcomes.  These symptoms occupy about 2-3 hours a day and have caused her to miss some classes, cancel study groups, and withdraw from campus events. Mina recognizes the obsessions as ego-dystonic (unwanted and distressing) but feels unable to stop the rituals without a surge of anxiety. There is no clear medical illness or substance use that explains the symptoms, and there is no history of trauma reported. 

Diagnose the following patient. Make sure to provide evidence as to why you feel they have that disorder. Also, include a treatment plan.    Mina, a 20-year-old sophomore living in campus housing, has been struggling for about 9 months with intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors centered on cleanliness and safety. She worries that failing to complete certain rituals could harm others or herself, and she often feels compelled to perform these rituals to reduce intense anxiety.  Obsessions: Fear of germs and contamination from touching doors, elevator buttons, or shared surfaces.  Fear of leaving a stove on or a door unlocked, which could lead someone being harmed.  Worries that she might accidentally cause harm if she forgets to repeat a task or phrase a certain way.  Compulsions:  Hand-washing for 15-20 minutes after class or touching public surfaces.  Repeatedly checking doors and windows 5-8 times before leaving her dorm or going to class.  Arranging books and supplies in a precise order and re-reading notes multiple times to “feel right.” Repeating a neutralizing phrase or counting steps to prevent bad outcomes.  These symptoms occupy about 2-3 hours a day and have caused her to miss some classes, cancel study groups, and withdraw from campus events. Mina recognizes the obsessions as ego-dystonic (unwanted and distressing) but feels unable to stop the rituals without a surge of anxiety. There is no clear medical illness or substance use that explains the symptoms, and there is no history of trauma reported. 

Janelle was diagnosed with PCOS 6 months ago.  She comes to see you today to get treated for hirsutism.  Which of the following treatments may help with hirsutism? 

Your patient recently had a dexa scan and the T-score was -2.6 of the hip.  Based on the bone denisty you diagnose patient with which condition?