was unusual among WWII naval battles for its decisive nature. The Americans won an astounding victory over the Japanese in June, 1944, and inflicted a high kill-to-death ration against the Japanese. American aviators referred to it as the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot.

Radicalism thrived both at home and abroad during the Great Depression. The 1930s was the highpoint of fascism in the United States. , a world-renowned aviator, shared the pro-fascist, pro-Nazi, and pro-Hitler feelings of some radical American conservatives. He joined the America First Committee (an isolationist and quasi-fascist conservative organization), gave public speeches defending Hitler and the Nazis, and could be seen making public Nazi salutes alongside like-minded American entrepreneur, Henry Ford.

By the 1920s, , a uniquely American musical style popularized by the African-American community in New Orleans, had become a national sensation, played and heard by both White and Black Americans. The fast pace and spontaneity of the new genre encouraged listeners to dance along to the music. Some moral critics were skeptical of the musical form due to its African roots and a few even accused Black musicians of this genre of using the music to mesmerize young white women.

In 1922, American journalist and social thinker, Walter Lippmann, published an influential critique of American democracy: . In this book Lippmann concluded that the American people were ill-informed and incapable of participating in democracy; not only were modern problems beyond the understanding of ordinary men and women, but the independent citizen was nothing but a myth, instead there existed the Free Mob.

During the Great Depression, spontaneous shantytowns called sprang up all across America to house the chronically unemployed. Many were built on marginal lands just outside cities.

It is simpler to file a suit in a court of record than in an inferior.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s most serious competition for president during the 1930s came from fellow democrat, Huey Long from Louisiana. Long was a radical populist who favored creating a program in which the federal government would confiscate the assets of the extremely wealthy and redistribute them to the less well-off through government minimum incomes. He called his vision and by the mid-1930s, 27,000 clubs sporting the vision’s name sprang up across America. In a folksy comparison, he asked “how many men ever went to a barbecue and would let one man take off the table what’s intended for nine-tenths of the people to eat?” His radical vision, and thus his threat to FDR’s New Deal approach, collapsed when he was assassinated in 1935 over a dispute over Louisiana state politics.

Where do the coronary arteries originate?

Despite the United States’ largely isolationist foreign policy, the 1930s could be called . Aggressive expansion by Japan (including the occupation of Manchuria, war with China, and Rape of Nanking), the Italian war in Abyssinia (Ethiopia), fascist victory in the Spanish Civil War, and Hitler’s rise in Nazi Germany (alongside the occupation of Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, and Austria) all suggested that the world would soon be once again embroiled in a world war.

German naval commander, Karl Dönitz, invented a style of fighting known as Submarine Warfare Doctrine, or . Dönitz employed this method of fighting during the Battle of the Atlantic. By placing U-Boats (German submarines) strategically throughout the Atlantic, he would have one U-Boat sight a convoy but not attack. Instead, the U-Boat would signal other U-Boats throughout the Atlantic to alert them of the location of the convoy. The submarines would then converge on a meeting spot and attack all at once, decimating the convoy. This was an extremely effective method of fighting and provided Germany with some early successes in its Tonnage Strategy against Great Britain.