Dr. B wants to determine the effects of eating dark chocolate one hour before SCI 1024 final exam, so the class is split in half and one half eats dark chocolate and the other half eats white chocolate. What type of graph would be best for showing the average final exam scores?

Which cell type is the primary target of HIV, leading to progressive immune dysfunction? 

Tumor necrosis factor‑alpha increases acute‑phase proteins and can promote cachexia. Which organ’s response is central to acute‑phase protein production?

A patient with dysuria has a urine culture growing Escherichia coli. Which virulence trait enables colonization of the bladder mucosa?

In Type I (immediate) hypersensitivity, Immunoglobulin E first binds to which cell’s crystallizable fragment receptors?

Which complement component is the most potent chemotactic factor that recruits leukocytes?

In shock, cellular lactate rises mainly because of a shift to:

Match the clinical scenario to the infectious terminology.

A patient with seasonal allergic rhinitis experiences immediate nasal congestion when exposed to pollen. Which cellular event occurs first upon allergen re‑exposure?

A trauma patient develops widespread edema and pain at an injured limb several hours after the event. Which mediator from the kinin system is central to increased vascular permeability and pain?