BONUS: (TOTAL VALUE= 6 POINTS) Martha Stewart, age 65, sustained a right hip fracture that was stabilized with a Knowles pinning (ORIF). She has been referred to physical therapy for balance and gait training with a non–weight bearing (NWB) status on the right lower extremity. Her past medical history includes a right hemispheric CVA with significant residual deficits: 2+/5 strength in the left upper extremity 3/5 strength in the left lower extremity Impaired sensation on the left Uses a left AFO Follows 1–2 step commands Impulsive behavior Poor judgment Denial of deficits The supervising PT has delegated treatment implementation to the PTA. **Choose 6 barriers that would hinder Martha Stewart’s progression and given a one sentence why.

During examination, a patient demonstrates inability to close the right eye tightly and has drooping of the right side of the mouth. Sensation over the face is intact. Which cranial nerve is MOST likely involved?

During standing, a patient experiences a posterior displacement of the center of mass. Which of the following factors MOST influences whether the patient uses an ankle, hip, or stepping strategy to regain balance?  

Andrew Martin has suffered several falls within the past few months. He has been referred to physical therapy for treatment of his vestibular system. Following the initial few visits with the physical therapist, his treatment was delegated to the PTA with instructions to challenge the vestibular system. Based on the brain’s system of processing weighting which of the following would be the most challenging?

A patient who sustained a traumatic brain injury develops secondary neuronal damage due to excessive excitatory neurotransmitter release, resulting in excitotoxicity. Which neurotransmitter is MOST responsible for this process?

Matching: (Match the mCTSIB test condition with the system that is facilitated)

The PT identifies that Mr. Daniels’ balance deficit is related to both musculoskeletal and neuromuscular impairments. He presents with excessive thoracic kyphosis, weak scapular stabilizers, and delayed postural activation during upright activities. The PTA decides to address these impairments using biomechanical principles. Which of the following interventions BEST targets both the musculoskeletal and neuromuscular components of his impairment?

Gwin Johnson, age 45 was diagnosed with bilateral peripheral neuropathies 6 months ago.  She was diagnosed with diabetes type II 10 years ago and has had an increased number of falls over the past month.  The PT had the patient stand in a split stance (lunge position) holding a weighted ball then she instructed the patient to reach out side to side with the weighted ball. Using a theraband around the patient’s waist the PT (positioned behind the patient) was able to facilitate what type of balance reaction by moving the theraband?

Carlton, a 20-year-old who has lived in the same house since birth, is able to walk up the stairs in the dark and lift his foot to the correct height and place it on the next step without looking. This ability is an example of which sensory function?

Mr. Blackwell has been diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy, impairing sensory feedback from his lower extremities. To assist with ambulation, he relies more heavily on vestibular input. What is the primary function of vestibular feedback in this case?