You are examining a 70-year-old male patient who is being ev…

You are examining a 70-year-old male patient who is being evaluated for an episode of syncope.  Auscultation of his heart reveals a mid-systolic ejection murmur, medium pitch, crescendo-decrescendo, heard best at the second right intercostal border with the diaphragm of the stethoscope.  The sound of this murmur radiates to his neck.   Which heart murmur is present?

A 74-year-old female patient has symptoms of increased SOB,…

A 74-year-old female patient has symptoms of increased SOB, especially when she lies down.  She is tired all of the time and feels lightheaded more often lately.  Her echocardiogram results revealed grade IV mitral valve regurgitation.  Which of the following statements would you expect to hear when you are auscultation her heart sounds?

Heart sounds are characterized by pitch, intensity, duration…

Heart sounds are characterized by pitch, intensity, duration and timing in the cardiac cycle.  S1 indicates the beginning of systole and is heard best at the apex of the heart where it is usually louder than S2.  Which of the following valves is closing during S1?

 ___________ is the body’s ability to sense it’s location, m…

 ___________ is the body’s ability to sense it’s location, movements and actions. It is a continuous loop of feedback between sensory receptors throughout the body and nervous system. Rapid rhythmic alternating movements and accuracy of movements are examples of tests performed to evaluate this.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is caused by a combination of g…

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors.Modifiable risk factors for heart disease are largely influenced by our lifestyle choices. Non-modifiable cardiovascular risk factors are not altered with lifestyle modification.  Which of the following is NOT a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor?