When a strongly conditioned CS is used to make another stimulus into a second CS, the effect is known as __________.

Kiara just told her family a really funny joke that she made up herself. In order to use a primary reinforcer to encourage her to keep telling jokes, Kiara’s dad might __________.

Personal facts and memories of one’s personal history are parts of ___________ memory.

A farmer is being troubled by coyotes eating his sheep. In an attempt to solve the problem, he kills a sheep and laces its body with a nausea-inducing drug. He leaves the sheep out where he knows the coyotes roam. He hopes they will learn not to eat the sheep after they become sick from the bait he leaves. The farmer is attempting to apply the research of __________ to accomplish this.

A person is connected to an electroencephalograph, a machine that records the brain’s electrical activity. The person is reinforced when his or her pattern of brain waves changes in order to treat a disorder such as epilepsy. This technique is BEST called __________.

Carrie is trying to focus on a conversation across the room during a party she is attending. This is because she thinks she heard her name above the din of the conversation. Her ability to hear her name is due to the mechanism of __________.

Current research finds that younger adults can hold __________ items in short-term (working) memory if they do not use any type of retention strategy.

The three parts of the information-processing model of memory are __________.

Godden and Baddeley found that if you study on land, you do better when tested on land, and if you study underwater, you do better when tested underwater. This finding is an example of __________.

Thorndike was known for his work with ________.