Last year while standing at the kitchen sink, Reba was terri…

Last year while standing at the kitchen sink, Reba was terrified when a sudden flash of lightning was followed by a tremendously loud boom of thunder. Now she feels fear anytime she sees a sudden flash of light. Which of the following processes accounts for the fact that Reba now feels fear anytime she sees a sudden flash of light?

Catalina ate a candy bar and then went on a fast-moving ride…

Catalina ate a candy bar and then went on a fast-moving ride in an amusement park. She was sick to her stomach after the ride and now, Catalina cannot eat candy bars, because they make her nauseous. In this learned association, the candy bar serves as a(n) ________ to Catalina.