Which of the following is a physiological effect of the use of cold as a thermal agent?

Which of the following is NOT an effect of UV radiation?

A patient had an ankle sprain 2 months ago and continues to have moderate edema, but no erythema or heat to the area. Edema is limiting ROM and causing pain. The BEST thermal modality to address these issues is:

During an ultrasound treatment with the following parameters a patient complains of a prickling sensation: 3 MHz, 100 % duty cycle, 0.5 W/ cm2What is the BEST response by the PTA?

Cellular activity and the non-thermal effects of ultrasound are a result of all of the following EXCEPT:

Upon checking the hydrocollator unit the PTA notices that the unit is not getting hot.  The hydrocollator is plugged in, the breaker is operating normally, and the switch is turned ON.  What is the FIRST action the PTA SHOULD take?

Patient assessment procedures are performed to provide which of the following?

To ensure the reliability of the pain visual analog scale (VAS), what procedure should the PTA use to administer this assessment?

A patient has an open abrasion on the palm of the right hand.  The patient has chronic pain of the right wrist with limited ROM. Goal: decrease pain & increase ROMPlan of Care:  heat to the right wrist and therapeutic exerciseWhich of the following would be the MOST THERAPEUTIC application of heat for this patient?

A patient receiving nonthermal Pulsed Shortwave Diathermy complains that they do not feel any sensation under the drum. The BEST response by the PTA is to: