The type of electromagnetic radiation that travels the fastest is:

Kepler’s First Law. The Earth’s orbit around the Sun is not really circular; it is actually slightly elliptical. Sketch an exaggerated elliptical orbit and clearly label the Sun and Earth. Importantly, please be sure that I can tell where the foci are and where the Sun is. You will take a picture and upload the image for this question AT THE END OF THE EXAM. DO NOT TAKE YOUR PHONE OUT NOW.

Rank the following types of light based on their wavelength:

Currently, the Moon’s plane of orbit is tilted by about 5◦ with respect to Earth’s orbital plane around the Sun. Suppose it were not tilted at all. In this case, which of the following would be true:

Which transition depicted in Figure 2 (above) corresponds with a higher energy?

In approximately one week the Moon phase will be New Moon. During this time, the tides experienced on Earth will be:

There are two very important pieces of the diagram missing in Figure 2: the photons! Explain where the photon should be for each transition in as much detail as possible. To receive credit, your explanation must clearly state the location and direction of your photon so that it is clear whether it is being absorbed or emitted.

On April 9th, the Moon will be in its third quarter phase. Sketch the Earth-Moon-Sun system for this moon phase and clearly label all three. Include an arrow depicting the direction of the Moon’s orbit. You will take a picture and upload the image for this question AT THE END OF THE EXAM. DO NOT TAKE YOUR PHONE OUT NOW.

On the June solstice, where does the Sun reach an altitude of 90◦ (that is, directly overhead) at noon?

Imagine that you could build a telescope so enormous and instrumentation so high tech that you could see into a football stadium on a planet in the Andromeda Galaxy, which is approximately 2 million lightyears away. Could you see a game ‘live’ (as the action happened) through this telescope? Why or why not? Please explain your answer in 2-3 sentences.