True or False: A temperate phage can undergo the lytic cycle.

Which polymerase is responsible for transcribing viral mRNA?

Answer 1 of the 3 questions listed below. Please indicate clearly which question (1,2, or 3)  you are answering. Optional: answer one additional question for up to 8 points of extra credit 1. Distinguish between the short-term biologically-driven global carbon cycle vs. the long-term rock carbon cycle. Outline the basic processes involved and the time scales on which they play out. If either of the two were to be able to help offset increased atmospheric CO2 due to human activity, which would it be (hint: how would increased delivery of organic carbon to the deep ocean, or storage of organic carbon in terrestrial soils) be expected to influence the size of atmospheric CO2 pool? 2. List six major organic carbon oxidation reactions in order of decreasing free energy release, which corresponds to their sequence in terms of “biogeochemical zonation”. How is this phenomenon involved in controlling the production of methane in marine sediments that under the appropriate condition can lead to methane hydrate formation? 3. Where in the marine environment does most organic carbon (and pyrite) burial take place? Why (in simple terms) is that the case? (hint: think about the relationships between primary production, water depth, organic carbon deposition, and the impact of sediment O2 availability on organic carbon preservation).

Hyperbolic   Click ‘True’ when finished

Evaluate: Click ‘True’ when finished

A. Mandatos de tú: Cómo salir bien en tus cursos en línea. Todos tus cursos están en línea este semestre y tu profesora te está dando sugerencias para que tengas éxito. Lee sus consejos y completa los espacios en blanco usando el verbo correcto en la forma del mandato de tú, según el contexto. (2 ptos. cada respuesta: 1 pto. por el verbo correcto y 1 pto. por la conjugación correcta del mandato informal; 10 ptos. en total)   MODELO:  No hables (hablar / llenar) inglés en tu clase de español.   Aquí tienes 5 consejos para mejorar tus clases en línea: 1. (crear / jugar) tu propio espacio de estudio. Un espacio tranquilo te permitirá tener una mente clara.                                                                2. (eliminar / repetir) las distracciones. Los mejores estudiantes en línea saben cómo reservar tiempo para concentrarse.   3. No  (contestar / olvidar) crear un plan de estudios. 4. (participar / seleccionar) activamente en tus clases. Aunque no interactúes directamente con otros estudiantes, es importante compartir tus ideas y contribuir a los debates.  5. No (comprar / esperar) hasta el último momento para completar tus tareas. En una clase en línea, es importante ser responsable y proactivo.   

Indicate your typed answer to the question as a response to A, B, and C. Calcite vs. Aragonite Seas. Oceanic crust production was higher during the Cretaceous than today, given this knowledge answer the three parts below (A-C). A. (2 pts) How did this affect global sea level during the Cretaceous Period? B. (3 pts) How did this affect the magnesium:calcium (Mg/Ca) of seawater during the Cretaceous Period? Describe the processes impacting the Mg/Ca of seawater and where they are happening. C. (3 pts) How did this affect the mineralogy of carbonate (CaCO3) producing and reef-building marine organisms during the Cretaceous?

Work   Click ‘True’ when finished

A thermal overload is typically wired in parallel with the common terminal of a compressor.

Use the maps shown below to answer questions A thru D and label your answers as A through D in your typed response. The upper map shows sea-surface salinity and the lower map shows the oxygen isotope (del18O) composition of the surface ocean. Figure 1: Global map showing sea-surface salinity.   Figure 2: Global map showing the oxygen isotope (d18O) composition of the surface ocean.   A. (2 pts) The subtropics in both hemispheres are very arid regions with higher sea-surface salinities, why? B. (2 pts) Sea-surface salinities are relatively low at about 5ºN of the equator in both the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean basins, why? C. (2 pts) Comparison of the two maps clearly shows that surface-ocean del18O composition closely tracks sea-surface salinity, why? D. (2 pts) Look at the map showing surface-ocean del18O. Why does the surface-ocean del18O composition decrease with increasing latitude?