________ return is weighted average of what an investor expects to earn in the future and ________ return is a historical return measure of what has been earned in the past.

Bondholders are best described as ______ of a firm and shareholders are best described as ______ of a firm.

Operating leverage is caused by a firm using ______ since this causes a ______ cost. 

Earlier this year, you had to make a decision to buy a stock and it is now the end of the year. You know that the stock that was under consideration at the beginning of the year had an expected return of 12% at the time of purchase. You estimated the required return of the stock to be 10%. You have now calculated the realized return of the stock to be 14%. At the beginning of the year, you made a purchase decision by comparing ________ returns. Based on these returns, your initial decision was a ________ decision.

NPV states to accept a project if ______ and reject a project if ______. 

Transactions between investors occur in ________ markets while transactions between a firm and an investor occurs in ________ markets.

The theory of the time value of money refers to the fact that

What is the purpose of the swap space in Unix system management?

Risk is best described by the word ______.  

Agency problems occur between