Olivia and Otto are six-month-old twins. When lying prone, O…

Olivia and Otto are six-month-old twins. When lying prone, Olivia is able to be on her extended arms, supporting her weight while turning her head to follow a toy presented to her. In the same position, Otto’s elbows remain behind his shoulders, making it very difficult for him to use his upper extremities to assist in head and trunk lifting to follow the same toy. Which of the following is true?

Mindy is a fifteen-year-old girl who often disobeys her pare…

Mindy is a fifteen-year-old girl who often disobeys her parents’ orders. She has high levels of externalizing problems, including delinquency and alcohol and drug use, as well as high levels of internalizing problems (e.g., low self-esteem and depressive symptoms). Mindy’s parents feel that they cannot trust her, and have recently shifted to using an authoritative parenting style rather than their usual authoritarian style. Which course theme best describes the change in parenting style?