Alcoholics Anonymous started in the 

The disease model of alcoholism replaced the __________ model.

If a patient has a steal from an AVF graft with no underlying atherosclerotic disease the pre-graft compression digital PPG waveforms obtained during non-invasive arterial testing would show 

What is the first component that is lost on a PVR waveform when arterial disease exists? 

The segmental pressures shown below indicate which level of disease?  Right mmHg Index Left mmHg Index Brachial 118 Brachial 122 Thigh 151 1.24 Thigh 95 0.78 Calf 100 0.82 Calf 92 0.75 Ankle (PTA) 99 0.81 Ankle (PTA) 96 0.79 Ankle (DPA) 97 0.80 Ankle (DPA) 95 0.78

Which of the following is not true about volume plethysmography? 

Which imaging modality is considered the “gold standard” for peripheral artery imaging? 

A patient is sent to your laboratory to have his lower extremity bypass graft evaluated with duplex.  While performing the examination you notice that the velocity at the proximal anastomosis is 80 cm/s.  You continue the examination and obtain a pulse wave Doppler signal about 1cm distal to the proximal anastomosis and you get a velocity of 210 cm/s.  What do these findings suggest? 

As you evaluate Doppler flow patterns in Mr. B, you document a PSV of 104 cm/s at the distal aorta, 218 cm/s at the take-off of the left common iliac artery (CIA), and 226 cm/s at the right proximal CIA.  What would your preliminary report include?

Mrs. J. has a brachial pressure of 124 mmHg on the right and 102 mmHg on the left.  What is the significance of this finding?