A 40-year-old previously healthy man has the sudden onset of severe right flank pain that comes in waves all night long. When he is seen in the emergency room, after waiting for two hours, he is exhausted. On physical examination there are no abnormal findings. Urinalysis reveals no ketones, glucose, protein, nitrite, or urobilinogen, but blood is present. Urine microscopic examination shows many RBCs but few WBCs. The specific gravity is 1.015 and the pH is 5.5. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Following a vehicular accident with blood loss leading to prolonged, severe hypotension, a 30-year-old man is intubated and placed on a mechanical ventilator. He has progressively decreasing oxygen saturations despite increasing his FI02 to 100%. He remains afebrile. He dies 3 days later. At autopsy, the distal lungs show thickened interstitium, and many macrophages and neutrophils. Which of the following would have been observed on X-ray just prior to his death?  

Which of the following develop from lymphoid stem cells?

The most likely condition observed in the patient described in the last question is called:  

An epidemiologic study is performed to determine risk factors for development of malignant neoplasms. A statistical analysis of pre-existing medical conditions is done. Some pre-existing conditions are observed to precede development of malignant neoplasms, while others do not. Which of the following conditions is most likely to be statistically unrelated to subsequent malignancy?

A 25-year-old female experiences a headache and takes aspirin for relief. A nurse recalls aspirin relieves the headache by:  

A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with cancer.  Testing reveals that the cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes.  A nurse realizes this cancer would be documented as stage:

A normal male and a female carrier for red-green color blindness mate. Given that red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait, what is the likelihood of their children being affected?  

A 67-year-old man has noted a 5 kg weight loss along with increasing fatigue over the past year. He has experienced dull abdominal pain for the past week. He has developed abdominal distention with lack of stools in the past two days. On physical examination, bowel sounds are reduced. An abdominal CT scan reveals a mass involving the descending colon. At laparotomy, a partial resection of the left colon is performed, with removal of an encircling mass. Microscopically, the mass is found to be a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Which of the following laboratory test findings is most likely to be present in this man?

A 48 year old man with history of alcoholism presents with epigastric pain, nausea, fever and an increase in blood amylase.  X-rays reveal calcifications within the pancreas.  Which of the following types of necrosis is most likely?