TOTAL QUESTION 5:

5.5 Discuss two disadvantages the Nubians face by not being citizens of a country. (2)

1.3 A large group of people who inhabit a specific territory and are connected by history, culture, or another commonality (1) A) Sovereign state   B) State   C) Nation   D) Nation State  

6.3 Discuss the difference between the Irish and Greek referendum. (2)

6.1 A referendum is: (1)   A.     a vote by everyone over 25     B.     a vote by everyone who works     C.    a vote by everyone permitted to vote     D.    a vote by all men  

Question 4: Bike Data – Prediction (4a) 2 pts – Predict bikes for the test set (bike_data_test) using model1. Display the first six predicted values. (4b) 2 pts – Calculate and display the mean squared prediction error (MSPE) for model1. List one limitation of using this metric to evaluate prediction accuracy. (4c) 1 pt – Refit model1 on bike_data_full, and call it model2. Display the summary table for the model. (4c.1) 3 pts – Estimate the 10-fold and leave-one-out cross validation mean prediction squared error (MSPE) for model2. Hint: cv.glm() from the boot package uses MSPE as the default cost function. (4c.2) 1 pt – How do these two MSPEs compare to the model1 MSPE from 4b? Apply your knowledge of cross validation to explain your results.

5.3 Citizenship can be defined as (1)   A.     the status of a person recognized under the law of a country of belonging to thereof.     B.     a legal identification of a person in international law, establishing the person as a subject, a national, of a sovereign state.     C.    the act of finding out who someone is or what something is.     D.    a distinct territorial body or political entity  

2.6 Ecological globalisation accounts for the idea that the Earth is separated into many different parts. (1)

Read Data Read the data and answer the questions below. Assume a significance threshold of 0.05 for hypothesis tests unless stated otherwise. # Load relevant libraries (add other libraries here if needed)library(car)library(CombMSC)library(aod)library(bestglm)library(boot)library(corrplot)library(caret)library(glmnet)# Ensure that the sampling type is correctRNGkind(sample.kind=”Rejection”)# Set seed (please do not change for consistency of the results)set.seed(0)###### Read and process the data: Bike data ######## Read databike_data_full = read.csv(“brooklyn_bridge_bike_counts.csv”, header=TRUE)# Convert month and day columns to categorical variablesbike_data_full$month

2.1 A system of laws to judge people accused of crimes in court is referred to as justice system. (1)