Calculate the RVSP :       TR = 2.5 m/s       RAP = 10 mmHg

Findings consistent with Aortic stenosis seen on the M-mode echocardiogram include: Thickened Aortic leaflets.

Pulmonic stenosis is commonly caused by Rheumatic disease.

Symptoms noted with Mitral valve prolapse syndrome include:Palpitations and dizziness

Perform the following calculations. Mitral valve area:       Max velocity         2.25 m/sec       PHT                     100ms

Perform the following calculations. Aortic valve area:       LVOT velocity     1.25 m/sec       LVOT diameter   2.0 cm       Aortic velocity     2.50 m/sec

One sign of severe Mitral regurgitation is:

Which of the following are (3) etiologies of Mitral stenosis?

What are 2D hallmark signs of mitral stenosis? 

Which mumur would you hear with an abornmal aortic valve?