Taye is trying to buy something over the phone. He asks his partner to read him his credit card number. However, when he tries to repeat it to the salesclerk on the other end of the line, he can’t remember all the numbers. Taye is coming up against __________.

Getting paid for each basket of apples you gather represents a __________ schedule of reinforcement.

Archie and Eve take their 2-year-old son to the supermarket every Saturday. Each week, the same sequence of events unfolds: Their son screams, demanding that they buy him treats. Although they refuse to give in to his demands, he continues to scream. Finally, either Archie or Eve gets in their son’s face and loudly yells, “Shut up!” He stops screaming instantly. What operant conditioning concepts are illustrated in this story?

Long-term memory is thought to be organized in the form of __________.

Repeating items over and over in order to aid memory is known as __________ rehearsal.

Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate at a metronome sound that was paired with a meat stimulus. After the CS-UCS connection was strongly established, Pavlov then presented the dog with several flashes of a light followed by the metronome sound. After a few days, when the light flashes were presented by themselves, the dog salivated. This is an example of __________.

When a strongly conditioned CS is used to make another stimulus into a second CS, the effect is known as __________.

Kiara just told her family a really funny joke that she made up herself. In order to use a primary reinforcer to encourage her to keep telling jokes, Kiara’s dad might __________.

Personal facts and memories of one’s personal history are parts of ___________ memory.

A farmer is being troubled by coyotes eating his sheep. In an attempt to solve the problem, he kills a sheep and laces its body with a nausea-inducing drug. He leaves the sheep out where he knows the coyotes roam. He hopes they will learn not to eat the sheep after they become sick from the bait he leaves. The farmer is attempting to apply the research of __________ to accomplish this.