To plan instruction, new teacher Brooke Hippert needed to know which writing strategies her students could already use effectively. Of the following, the best way for a teacher to determine which writing strategies students can use is to:

The smallest units of sound are called:

When he read drafts of their stories, third-grade teacher Richard McCall noticed that his students did not use quotation marks correctly. This teacher should:

Students’ understanding about the purposes of reading and writing:

Of the following, the most effective way to link social studies instruction with language arts instruction would be to encourage students to:

The sixth-grade students in Kathy Smyth’s class gathered many facts about the Vikings, but they had difficulty preparing an organized presentation. In this situation, it would be most helpful for the teacher to present a minilesson on __________.  

Punctuation marks signal grammatical boundaries and ________________.

Sixth-grade students in Nancy Loving’s class did not use context clues when they encountered unfamiliar words. The most effective way to teach these students about context clues would be to __________.

Examine the following sentence: Turn off your cell phone when the meeting begins. It is an example of a(n) __________________.

To help students take responsibility for their learing, effective teachers distribute _____________.