Doppler Question 67.png This is a Doppler signal obtained from the SSN in the DSAO.  What important feature is demonstrated and what is the cause?

Question 73(1).jpg What valvular pathology would cause this M-mode?

_______________________ is the initial diagnostic approach to the evaluation of suspected prosthetic valve stenosis.

What is considered Severe AI, using the PHT? 

Question 70(1).jpg Name the prosthetic valve pictured above.

Question 71(1).jpg Name the prosthetic valve pictured above.

How many scallops does the mitral valve have? 

A valve area of _______________cm² would be considered as moderate AS.

Mild TR should be evaluated with PISA, as it is not a normal finding. 

A valve area of less than ____________cm² is considered severe AS.