The nurse instructs the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on methods to lower the risk of lung complications.  One technique is the “long huff” cough.  What is the rationale for this type of coughing exercise?

The nurse is caring for a 90-year-old male who has never completed an advanced directive. The man has a son but has not seen him in several years. A neighbor has assisted him with meals and housecleaning for many years. The neighbor states that the client expressed only wanting to have comfort measures. The estranged son wants his father to be treated aggressively. Which would be the nurse’s initial step?  

The spouse of a patient with cystic fibrosis has been taught how to perform chest physiotherapy.  The spouse asks the nurse to explain why this must be done.  Which of the following responses is best?

Which stage of a pressure ulcer is exhibited by deeply ulcerated tissue, exposing muscle and bone?

A client has a boil that is located in the left axillary area and is elevated with a raised border and is filled with pus. How would the nurse document this type of lesion?  

Place the wounds in correct order from stage I to stage IV.

The LPN is reinforcing instructions to a client for the use of an incentive spirometer.  Which statement by the client will prompt the LPN to notify the RN that additional teaching is necessary?

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic lung disease who is receiving oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.  Which observation indicates to the nurse that the system is functioning as expected?

The pediatric nurse is instructing a young athlete and parent regarding tinea pedis. Which nursing advice best decreases frequent attacks?

An obese patient is being evaluated by the health care provider (HCP) for sleep apnea.  Thich recommendation by the HCP does the nurse find unexpected?