SHORT ANSWER. You only need to answer 2 of them. A 65-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital for a deep wound infection they acquired while gardening that is healing irregularly. After a few days, they develop symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI), which is confirmed to be caused by Escherichia coli (also part of the patient’s gut microbiota). Answer the following questions based on the above scenario: Which infection is nosocomial? (1 pt) _________________________________ Is the UTI caused by an opportunistic organism? Yes or No. (1 pt) __________ Explain WHY the organisms would or would not be considered opportunistic. (2 pts) Give ONE factor contributing to WHY this patient may have acquired the UTI. (1 pt)

SHORT ANSWER. You only need to answer 2 of them. What are the steps of the inflammatory response? (you can draw a picture if you prefer or use a numbered list!) – include cell types (3 pts). What signs/symptoms are involved in the inflammatory response? (2pts).

Match the following liver disorders to their description.

What is the overall function of the digestive system?

What is the fundamental difference in the adaptive immune system’s response between the first and second exposure to an antigen?

Surface barriers, like the skin, is an example of the ________ defense system.

Which of the following are functions of the lymphatic system (select all that apply):

Match the following cell types to their description.

Match the following accessory organs of the digestive system to their functions.

Identify the structure labelled ‘XII’.