The British Canadian territory north of Fort Detroit was known as “Lower Canada.”

In the INDIRECT pathway, glutamate release from motor cortex neurons in the striatum, ultimately neurons whose cell bodies are in the thalamus to movement. In the indirect pathway, the release of dopamine from the substantia nigra (SNc) neurons in striatum that express the D2 receptor. This dopamine release makes neurons in the thalamus to fire an action potential. Thus, in the indirect pathway the release of dopamine from the substantia nigra  movement.

The figure below is the same figure as in the previous question.     Which bar denotes the behavior of a “diseased” mouse after receiving a transplant of dopamine cells that expressed Halorhodopsin and whose brain is being illuminated by 543 nm light?

In class we discussed the paper, “Optogenetics enables functional analysis of human embryonic stem cell-derived grafts in a Parkinson’s disease model”. The figures below come from that paper. (FYI: Halorhodopsin-EYFP is the same thing as eNpHR3.0-EYFP)   Match each panel (A, B, and C) with the mouse genotype that could be responsible for the data. 

Loss-of-function mutations in the SCN2A gene will most likely cause autism/intellectual disability. 1) 1) This type of mutation will most likely neuronal excitability. 2) If an individual with this type of mutation develops seizures, does it make sense to treat them with a sodium channel blocker?

As shown in the image below, the SCN2a protein is a transmembrane protein that has four homologous domains. Each homologous domain contains six membrane-spanning segments (S1-S6).     Which membrane-spanning segment is made up of amino acids that determine the membrane voltage at which the channel opens?

Which of the following dressings is contraindicated for infected wounds?

Which debridement method is MOST appropriate for a patient who refuses painful procedures?

The patient has a history of neck problems.   The physical therapist would like to set the patient up on cervical traction for a C5-C6 nerve root compression problem. What are the most appropriate settings?

A sequential increase and decrease in intensity of a train of impulses is: