A 20-year-old man with schizophrenia is seen mumbling and tilting his head as if listening to someone. What is the best explanation?

A 16-year-old boy presents with proteinuria and hematuria following a streptococcal infection. What is the most likely cause?

A nurse practitioner sees a patient post-MI with persistent muscle twitching and tetany. What electrolyte imbalance should be suspected?

A 26-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of unilateral facial weakness. She is unable to close her left eye or smile on that side. There is no limb weakness or confusion. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 58-year-old woman with a history of hypothyroidism presents with facial puffiness, coarse dry skin, and hoarseness. Her TSH is elevated, and free T4 is low. What is the most likely explanation?

A 52-year-old male presents with chest tightness, diaphoresis, and ECG changes consistent with a STEMI. His troponin level is significantly elevated. What does troponin elevation indicate?

A 32-year-old man presents with burning epigastric pain that improves with eating. Urea breath test is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 19-year-old male presents with severe abdominal pain and hematochezia. Colonoscopy shows cobblestoning and skip lesions. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 74-year-old female with hypertension presents with confusion and a sodium level of 118 mEq/L. She recently underwent hip surgery and has been receiving morphine. Urine is concentrated, and serum osmolality is low. What is the most likely cause of her hyponatremia?

A 49-year-old man undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma presents with hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. Which condition is most likely responsible?