In the previous section, we learned about the different types of seismic waves. Below are several illustrations showing how these waves would be felt by people at the surface. Match the seismic wave with the type of motion you would feel at the Earth’s surface. The direction of wave propagation is important!

The following cross section shows several stratigraphic layers and the types of fossils found within each layer. Place the fossils in order of oldest to youngest, based on when each fossil first appears in the rock record.

  The Earth’s atmosphere is composed of many different gases. Place the following gases in order of abundance from most abundant to least abundant.

Step 6. Select “Find KM” and then “Map.” Next, select the red dot for each city and drag out a circle with a radius representing the distance you calculated to the epicenter of the earthquake Where is the epicenter of the earthquake?

The graph below is similar to the graph you used in the last two questions, except instead of showing the facies, it shows the grade of metamorphism and the likely minerals formed at each grade. The graph advances from low-grade metamorphism in the upper left to high-grade metamorphism in the lower right. Use the graph to answer the following question: If you started out with a basalt protolith and subjected the rock to high-grade metamorphism, which of the following minerals would you likely produce?

Which of the fossils would be the best index fossil? Select one from the list on the right.  

Rocks deform in response to applied stress. Deformation is usually either brittle or ductile. Earthquakes occur when rocks deform in a brittle fashion. Select the images below that represent brittle deformation.

Based on the amplitudes you just recorded (Kansas City, 4 mm; Charlotte, 1 mm; and Birmingham, 10 mm), which station is closest to the epicenter of the earthquake?  

Numerical dating commonly relies on the use of isotopes. In the image below, the green squares represent parent atoms and the blue represent daughter atoms from radioactive decay. The ratio given at the bottom is the parent:daughter ratio. How many half-lives have elapsed to produce the ratio shown in the image?

The accumulation of liquid water played a crucial role in the development of life on our planet. But where did the water come from? Place the following events in order to show how our oceans formed.