Most labeling theorists would argue that certain acts are defined as status offenses because:

Is a sputum gram stain showing >25 squamous epithelial cells/LPF (low powered field) an acceptable specimen for culture?

Research has consistently shown that fixed reinforcement schedules lead to higher levels of performance than variable schedules.

TJ sneaks into a movie theater with friends. After the movie, he and his friends laugh and congratulate each other on their success in seeing a new movie without having to pay. According to social learning theory, TJ’s behavior has been:

In referring to the “invention of juvenile delinquency,” Agnew and Brezina are pointing out that:

Tacit knowledge is the kind of information that employees can typically learn only through experience.

What do Agnew and Brezina mean by “effectively sanctioned”?

Control theorists begin with the question:

Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE of juvenile court?

One of the main reasons for a failure to respond to delinquency is because: