During the 1980s, many middle and working-class Americans fa…

During the 1980s, many middle and working-class Americans faced serious financial setbacks. One major cause was the decline in industrial jobs. The U.S. economy shifted away from manufacturing goods and moved toward providing services. Many factory jobs, especially in the steel and auto industries, were relocated to countries with lower labor costs. As a result, millions of blue-collar workers in the Midwest and Northeast lost stable employment. Many had to take lower-paying jobs that offered fewer benefits and limited chances for advancement.

In the 1960s, Rubin “Hurricane” Carter was a top contender f…

In the 1960s, Rubin “Hurricane” Carter was a top contender for the middleweight boxing championship. In 1966, however, he and a friend were arrested for shooting to death three white people in a tavern. Though he maintained his innocence, Carter was convicted of the crime by an all-white jury and imprisoned. In 1974, he published his autobiography, claiming that he was a falsely accused victim of racism. In 1975, his story inspired singer/songwriter Bob Dylan to write a song about the injustice of the case. This song, entitled “Hurricane,” elevated Carter to the status of a folk hero. At about the same time, witnesses who helped convict Carter recanted their testimony. In 1976, Carter was granted a new trial and released for six months. However, he was convicted a second time and sent back to prison, where he spent another nine years. During that time, a group of Canadians worked to free him, and in 1985, a federal judge affirmed Carter’s charge of racism and released him.