KIN 6036 – Clinical Exercise Testing and Interpretation   CP…

KIN 6036 – Clinical Exercise Testing and Interpretation   CPEX Reveals Difference between CVD and Lung Disease   During a Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test (CPEX) certain indicators of functional capacity can be evaluated to differentiate whether any limitations are because of a heart or lung issue.  We can conclude right off the bat that if there is a function problem then we will typically observe a low VO2Max for both lung and heart issues.   However, there are several responses and observations during a CPEX that can help us evaluate which is the limiter – heart vs lung.  A few of these differentiating variables are listed below.   Reason for stopping the test (dyspnea vs leg fatigue) Low or high heart rate reserve  Normal or low VE reserve Lower O2 pulse (which one) A decreased VT vs No VT (or RCP) observed   To answer this exam question use the variables above to describe what you would likely find in a patient with lung disease versus a person with cardiovascular disease.  How would these variables respond.  Probably the best way to set-up your answer is with two columns; one for CVD and one for lung disease and then describe how the variables would present on each side.  You should also provide some justification for why the variable responds the way it does for each side (e.g., why is VE reserve low, etc.)

KIN 6026 – Sport and Exercise Nutrition for Peak Performance…

KIN 6026 – Sport and Exercise Nutrition for Peak Performance   In class, we compared two, contrasting, models describing the development of obesity – the Carbohydrate-Insulin Model (CIM) and the Energy-Balance Model (EBM). Both models have merit, but please state a case for either CIM or the EBM as the primary explanation for the rise of obesity rates in the U.S.  Very briefly provide the primary point of each the CIM and EBM. State how either the CIM or the EBM explains the physiological changes that lead to excessive weight gain. Consider and discuss any of the following: Hormonal responses to dietary intake – macronutrient composition, portions, timing. Types of carbohydrate (starches, sugars, fiber) and their impact on blood glucose and insulin. Energy storage and subsequent relationship to appetite and energy expenditure. Roles of nutrient and caloric density in total energy intake. Describe 2-3 concomitant dietary interventions (recommendations) for the selected model – e.g., low-carb/high fat, low-GI, low-fat, low-calorie, etc. Discuss how these interventions improve health or performance  (particularly compared to the other recommendations). Support your answer with evidence from the literature.