This measurement is performed at bedside using a respirometer with a mouthpiece.  You instruct the patient to breathe normally through the mouthpiece for 1 minute.  

Always support the   and the when restraining/holding a guinea pig to protect organs, especially liver and lungs.

Birds cannot be strangled to death because they have _________________ tracheal rings.

The urinary bladder can be viewed on the thoracic radiograph.

What are the most common risk factors associated with lung cancer?  1. tobacco-related product exposure  2. occupational exposure  3. Radon  4. High consumption of fruits and vegetables 

A restrictive disease can be confirmed when the FEV1/FVC ratio is normal or increased. 

A genetically linked cause of COPD is 

What is the first line of defense for growing children who have a spinal curvature of 25-45 degrees?   

Exposing a gloved hand to the primary beam:

Birds are lacking which of the following anatomical structures?  (Please choose the one answer where all 3 are lacking)