The following pedigree is tracking dominantly inherited (autosomal) disease in the family. Affected individuals are indicated by a dark square or circle. What is the genotype of individual II-2? What is the likelihood that the offspring of IV-3 and IV-4 will inherit the trait?  

Marfan syndrome in humans is caused by an abnormality of the connective tissue protein called fibrillin. Patients are usually very tall and thin with long spindly fingers and abnormal curvature of the spine. Marfan syndrome is also associated with ocular problems, and defects of the heart, nervous, and respiratory systems. Which of the following would you conclude about Marfan syndrome from the provided information?

A man has extra digits (six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot). His wife and their daughter have a normal number of digits. Having extra digits is an autosomal dominant trait. The couple’s second child has extra digits. What is the probability that their next (third) child will have extra digits?

A man who carries a disease-causing allele of an X-linked gene will pass it on to _____.

Cell undergoing meiosis has 8 chromosomes in Metaphase I of Meiosis I. In Anaphase I of Meiosis I one pair of homologous chromosomes fails to separate. What will be the number of chromosomes in daughter cells in the end of meiosis?

In cats, black fur color is caused by an X-linked allele; the other allele at this locus causes orange color. The heterozygote is tortoiseshell (cat with both orange and black patches). What kinds of offspring would you expect from the cross of a black female and an orange male?

In order for a cell to become cancerous, oncogenes must be______, or tumor suppressors are______.

SECTION TWO THIS SECTION HAS SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS WORTH 8 MARKS EACH. TYPE DIRECTLY INTO THE TEXT BOX. Ensure you have enough detail for the question being asked. 1 sentence per mark is a good guide, so plan to write 8 meaningful sentences.

Long Answer Question    Nurture vs. Nature. In your opinion and based on material we studied in this course on nurture vs. nature. Formulate an opinion and present an editorial response (200 – 300 words) that looks at the issues of nurture vs. nature debate of children being socialized in 2025   Is there still a debate of Nature VERSUS /Nurture? What other information do we now know? What things must we consider?   Remember to include as much as the course content as possible to showcase your knowledge. Make sure in the EDITORIAL format you are choosing one side or the other. (Even if this is just for argument’s purposes and this questions.)   You must have ample word count and answer all the questions here– proofread and add everything that you can.

Which of the following effects are produced by a parasympatholytic agent?