What is the primary purpose of using cardioplegia during cardiac surgery?

During a mediastinoscopy for lung cancer staging, the surgeon encounters unexpected bleeding. What is the most critical next step?

In a patient undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass, what is the significance of dual venous cannulation?

You have genetically engineered a mutant cell strain that doesn’t produce any functional Talin protein. Congratulations! (Genetic engineering is hard). How do you expect these cells to behave? 

A neutrophil is genetically engineered so that Rac no longer antagonizes Rho. What happens to the cell?

What type of junctions interact with intermediate filaments?  

You are staining cells with a primary antibody that recognizes the FULLY ASSEMBLED death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Where in the cell do you expect to see the primary antibody concentrated?  (Graphic provided to help visualize the choices below. Blue blob = killer lymphocyte, while the circle is the cell you are staining with the antibody) 

Which steps of cellular respiration occur within mitochondria? (check all that apply)

You learned about how uncoupling proteins (such as uncoupling protein 1, UCP1 or “Thermogenin”) effect mitochondria.  Pharmaceutical companies created diet pills that are “uncoupling agents” that have the same effect as uncoupling proteins on mitochondria. Some of these drugs were found to be lethal and are now outlawed. Based on what you know, what side effects would you expect?

What structures are highlighted in the diagram?