The shortest time required to kill or inactivate all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature is called the __________.

Classification of viruses into families involves determining all the following characteristics except ________.

Which of the 3 stages of cellular respiration (A, B, & C in the figure below) can occur during anaerobic respiration? Select all that apply.   

Match the stage of cellular respiration (A, B, & C in the figure) to the correct label.   

The Calvin Cycle is sometimes referred to as the “dark reactions” or “light-independent reactions” because they only takes place at night (when there is no sunlight)  

Photosynthesis occurs in the of the cell, whereas cellular respiration occurs in the .

In many reptiles, sex determination is dependent not on sex chromosomes but rather environmental conditions such as temperature. Species that use temperature are said to have temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). One known mechanism for TSD in some species is the temperature-dependent activity of an enzyme, aromatase, that acts to convert androgens (hormones that promote male development) to estrogens (hormones that promote female development). You have begun to study two species of lizards that seem to use TSD. You collect eggs from both species and rear them at various temperatures with and without applied fadrozole, a chemical that specifically inhibits the activity of aromatase. Your results are as follows. Based on these results, what can you conclude about sex determination in species A and species B?

A nurse is taking a health history of a patient who reports taking several over-the-counter medications including an H2 receptor antagonist (H2RA). Which of the following outcomes indciates the H2RA is therapeutic? 

A patient is receiving 30 mcg/min of nitroglycerin IV to manage chest pain. The drug is available 50 mg/250 mL D5W. How many mL per hour should the patient receive? 

A 56-year-old male patient is started on oral finasteride (Proscar) for benign prostatic hypertrophy. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a need for more teaching?