The classical school of criminology:

“Specific deterrence” refers to:

In Cohen and Felson’s formulation, “capable guardians” prevent crime by:

Labeling theorists view crime as ______. 

Not having time to commit crime because you are too busy in legitimate activities would be an example of what social bond? 

Early criminological positivists viewed crime as:

According to Matza’s “drift theory,” youths who become delinquent:

One of the primary goals of the Spanish in Texas was to convert the Natives to Catholicism. During the late 1600s and early 1700s, the Spanish created a series of “missions”- sites on which the Spanish could Christianize and assimilate the Indian people while forcing them to grow crops and other manual labor tasks to sustain the mission. The efforts in Texas to Christianize the Natives largely failed for what reason.

Which of the following does not reflect the characteristics of an optimist?

According to Matza’s “drift” theory, youths who become delinquent: