A client with morbid obesity reports extreme fatigue and a headache upon waking each day. The nurse suspects which of the following conditions?

Missing data is rarely random and often reflects meaningful structural, demographic, or behavioral patterns. In financial planning datasets, ignoring missingness can undermine conclusions and perpetuate inequity in research outcomes. Respond to the following: Why is missing data a concern in financial planning research? What are the potential consequences of ignoring missingness in your dataset? What preliminary steps or statistical tests (e.g., Little’s MCAR test or theoretical rationale) can be used to evaluate the nature of missingness before deciding on a strategy for handling it? Define, compare, and contrast the concepts of missing completely at random (MCAR), missing at random (MAR), and missing not at random (MNAR). Be sure to explain the implications for data analysis and when each assumption is or is not appropriate. What are the disadvantages of using listwise deletion to address missing data? Under what conditions might this approach bias results or reduce statistical power? Compare and contrast multiple imputation and selection models as methods for addressing non-ignorable missingness. Discuss their assumptions, strengths, limitations, and the contexts in which each may be most appropriate. List the main points a researcher should clearly report in the limitations section to ensure transparency about missing data. Include how much data were missing, potential reasons for missingness, how the gaps were addressed, and how those decisions could impact findings and interpretations.  

A physical therapist treats a person with unilateral vestibular hypofunction by instructing them to hold a business card with a letter printed on it at arm’s length and maintain visual fixation while moving their head in one direction and moving the card in the opposite direction. What gaze stabilization exercises does this activity describe?

What is the term for the nystagmus seen in cupulolithiasis-type BPPV of the horizontal canal?

Which of the following methods is the MOST appropriate way to assess the vestibular component of balance?

A patient referred to physical therapy with a diagnosis of “dizziness” reports the following during subjective history: Symptoms began 1 week ago and are intermittent. They are described as “room spinning” and last 30 seconds when the patient transitions from sit to supine or rolls over onto their side in bed. Mild associated nausea noted at first, but has improved. There are no symptoms at rest or with generic head movement.  No cochlear complaints reported  No red flag signs Which vestibular condition is MOST likely based on this subjective history?

Which of the following examinations of gaze stability would you expect to be abnormal (positive test) in a person with unilateral peripheral vestibular loss?

What is the etiology / pathophysiology for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)?

Otoconia are normally found on what structure within the vestibular labyrinth?

Which of the following types of nystagmus is MOST concerning for potential central nervous system pathology?