Although departmentalization may be determined within an organization on the basis of one criterion, such as location, most organizations find ____ to be a more efficient means of conducting business.

Carl Smith overheard that Joe Dunn was blowing the whistle on managers at XYZ Company and that a full story would appear in Sunday’s paper. Carl quickly alerted the managers, who were able to stop the newspaper from printing the article. This is an example of managers’

Garrett EnterpriseGarrett Enterprise is a well-known company that has been around for many years. However, Mr. Smith, its CEO, has noticed recently that the company is not performing up to par. He has been watching the employees closely. Mr. Smith saw that his workers do only what is required and that no one seems to go above and beyond what is necessary.He thinks this is odd because Garrett Enterprise used to have dedicated employees who felt a real sense of ownership toward the company. Now it seems that the employees need to be watched all the time just to make sure they are doing the minimum required. The company has always tried to help its employees through various measures, but recently these measures have been unsuccessful.Mr. Smith also observed that the employees were not engaging with each other. They all seemed to be at ease with each other, but there was very little interaction. When Mr. Smith asked his top managers to study the situation more closely, they reported that the employees were neither dissatisfied nor motivated.Mr. Smith decided that things needed to change. He decided that the managers would reward only very good behaviors and punish anything that was considered bad behavior. While this may not be the best option, Mr. Smith believes that it may work for the near future. Refer to Garrett Enterprise. When Mr. Smith talks about implementing a system of rewarding only the best behavior and punishing bad behavior, which of these theories is he utilizing?

Increased business investment in facilities and equipment usually results in lower employee productivity.

​The author of the book, The Wealth of Nations, which emphasized the power of specialization, was

Some union agreements state that current employees must be informed of upcoming new openings. This practice is called job

FMS (an abbreviation from this chapter) stands for Ford Motor Systems.

Usually, management sets employees’ pay levels higher than at comparable firms.

A process layout is used when all products undergo the same operations in the same sequence.

​Hallmark has a line of cards that is made of recyclable materials and has flower seeds pressed into the paper so once a person has read the card, they can plant it. With this new product line, Hallmark is attempting to achieve _____.