Part III. True or False. (10 pts each) The enduring result of Safavid consolidation of power was the replacement in Iran of Shi’ite with Sunni Islam as the majority faith.

The Ottoman Empire’s 17th and 18th centuries were an era of genuine vitality in poetry, prose, music, painting, cartography, historiography, astronomy, and other fields. Socially, the period saw the consolidation of Ottoman society as a multiethnic, multireligious state. All subjects, Muslim & non-Muslim, were organized into smaller communities called millets.

What is deep in “deep learning” as opposed to “shallow learning” w.r.t model depth, feature learning, complexity and model example? (1.25 + 1.25 + 1.25 + 1.25 points)

Briefly explain, gradient descent is less likely to achieve optimality for which of the following loss functions A or B and why? (2.5 + 2.5 points)

Identify the structure indicated by the green circle in the image below. 

The gamma constant for F-18 is 5.73 R-cm2/mCi/hr. What exposure rate would you expect from a syringe containing 15mCi of an F-18 dose measured at 50 cm?

Answer the following questions about Geiger-Müller detectors:Put the following steps in order as a gamma ray is detected in a Geiger counter (all will be used): The electron is attracted to the anode by the high electrical field. Atoms raised to an excited state de-excite by releasing UV photons, which can ionize another atom.A large electrical pulse is generated. A gamma ray interacts in the gas of the Geiger counter. The electron causes more excitations and ionizations. Positive ions build up around the anode. Pulses are averaged over time to produce a reading in a rate format. An electron and a positive ion are produced.

What two types of units are applied to Geiger counter readings?

What is the energy of the scattered gamma ray when a 511-keV gamma ray undergoes a Compton interaction and is scattered through an angle of 180 degrees? What is the energy of the Compton electron?

Describe dead time in a Geiger-Muller detector.