18)  Naomi and Camina are moving out of their college apartment and are trying to figure out what to keep, what to donate, and what to throw away.  They open up a drawer that hadn’t been opened for at least two years and see several keyrings.  Naomi pulls out a University of Wisconsin keyring and shows it to Camina.  Camina says, “I don’t even know where that came from. Maybe it came with the apartment.  We should just throw it away. I don’t think anyone would want that.”  They go through several more keyrings until they come to one that looks almost identical to the first University of Wisconsin keyring they had seen in the drawer.  Camina says, “Oh you know what? That one is mine. I got it sophomore year. I’m going to keep that.”  The fact that Camina felt the keyring that didn’t belong to her had no value (i.e., was garbage), but that the keyring that did belong to her was worth keeping is most consistent with what decision-making issue?      

35) In every quiz you get in this class, questions are always pulled from the modules in a random order rather than appearing in totally separate blocks organized by module. This corresponds to what principle of learning we covered in class?

13) Which pair of individuals would you expect to score the most SIMILAR in terms of IQ?

51) If the following five sound waves were to enter your ear, you would perceive them as primarily differing in:

63) Myrtle and Tate are watching a documentary about the brain.  At one point, the narrator of the documentary uses the term “corpus callosum.”  Myrtle was a neuroscience major in college, so she heard the term correct as “corpus callosum.”  Tate was an accounting major and never had a class on brain science.  He heard the term incorrectly as “corpse is closer.”  In this case, the bottom-up information about the term includes __________ and is __________ for Myrtle and Tate.  The top-down information includes ___________ and is ___________ for Myrtle and Tate.   

52) Which of the following brain areas is most strongly involved in processing reward/reinforcement? 

32)  When Anderson was growing up, all of the members of his family, and most of the people in the town he lived, very commonly used a number of racial slurs.  Like the people around him, Anderson also very commonly used those slurs. When Anderson went away to college, he was exposed to new people and he realized how hurtful the use of those slurs can be.  He thus completely stopped using them.  Anderson is now 40 years old.  When he thinks back to himself at age 13, he remembers himself knowing the use of those slurs was completely wrong and he remembers himself almost never using them himself.         Anderson’s inaccurate memory of himself at age 13 illustrates what memory issue?         

7) Malik is a participant in a dichotic listening experiment.  He is asked to repeat back only the speech being played in his left ear and ignore the speech in his right ear.  In the first trial of the experiment, the following sentences are played:   Left ear: “A man drives a green car into town and then goes into the grocery store.”  Right ear: “The child plays with two friends before returning home and eating dinner.”   Neither of the two sentences contains any words or phrases that would be particularly meaningful to Malik.  Malik repeats back the sentence played in his left ear perfectly.  When he’s asked what he remembers from his right ear, he reports that he doesn’t recall anything that was played in his right ear.  In the second trial of the experiment, Malik is again asked to repeat back only the speech being played in his left ear and ignore the speech in his right ear.  In this second trial of the experiment, the following sentences are played:   Left ear: “The dog chased the tennis ball all the way to the back of the yard.”  Right ear: “Diego decided to go over to his friend Malik’s house to play a video game.”    In this case, while Malik repeats back the sentence played in his left ear perfectly, when he’s asked what he heard in his right ear, he says that he heard, “Malik is going to play a video game.”  The fact that Malik reported no memory or awareness of the sentence played in the right ear in the first trial of the experiment, but heard the name “Malik” in the second trial is most consistent with what model or models of attention?  

Which of the following has caffeine?

71) Primary auditory cortex can be found in the _________ lobe of the brain.