Which of the following is NOT a common facial characteristic of Down Syndrome?

During early embryonic development, the primitive heart tube undergoes folding and looping. What is the primary purpose of this process?

Which of the following is a characteristic of monosaccharides? 

Why does aortic stenosis reduce stroke volume despite a lower aortic diastolic pressure?

An 82-year-old male with a history of Parkinson’s disease presents with recurrent episodes of pneumonia. He denies symptoms of heart failure or chronic lung disease. What is the most likely contributing factor to his recurrent infections?

What patient is more likely to be diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension based on risk factors?

A patient with a rare genetic disorder has a deficiency in the enzyme responsible for attaching amino acids to tRNA molecules. What would be the most immediate consequence of this defect?

What type of chemical bond is formed when electrons are shared between atoms? 

Severe burns cause widespread damage to capillaries, allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial space. What effect will this have on capillary fluid movement?

Which of the following newborn screening tests detects a disorder of amino acid metabolism?