68-year-old retired carpenter complains increasing fatigue,…

68-year-old retired carpenter complains increasing fatigue, nausea, intermittent headaches, and a recent fall (no significant injury).  Symptoms worsening over 2 weeks.   Past Medical History:  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension (well-controlled with Lisinopril). 40-pack-year smoking history for 15 years. Physical exam:  Mildly confused, disoriented to date. Slows to respond to questions. BP 125/80 mmHg, HR 72 bpm (regular), RR 16/min, Temp 36.8°C, SpO2 96% Cardiovascular, respiratory system normal. Na+: 118 mmol/L (Ref: 135-145) K+: 4.0 mmol/L (Cl-): 88 mmol/L HCO3-: 24 mmol/L Glucose: 98 mg/dL  Serum Osmolality: 220 mOsm/kg (Ref: 275-295) Urine Studies: Urine Sodium 55 mmol/L (High) Urine Osmolality 520 mOsm/kg (High) Chest X-ray shows mass in left lung highly suspicious for malignancy. What is the most appropriate medical treatment of this patient?  

A 29-year-old white female is brought to ER following seizur…

A 29-year-old white female is brought to ER following seizure on her way to work. The patient underwent thyroid surgery for papillary cancer one years ago. She has been suffering from lethargy, circumoral and foot numbness, hand twitching, and cramping pain in calves. Her family describes her as having been irritable and depressed over the past few months. During blood pressure monitoring wrist spasm is observed. She later developed lock jaw and sustained muscle contractions and died due to severe laryngospasm. What is the most probable electrolyte imbalance?