A cohort of 523 workers in nursing homes and homes for the elderly was followed for two years to assess the association between work related physical factors and the occurrence of low back pain as well as sickness absence due to low back pain. The effect of workload on low back pain occurrence in the first year and the transition of low back pain into sickness absence was calculated with logistic regression analysis. What can you infer from the table?  

A cohort study has been designed to assess risk factors associated to return to work. The investigator asks a group of patients with Low Back Pain to complete a battery of questionnaires including the Oswestry (ODI) questionnaire, Brief Pain Inventory, Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire and SF-36 general health questionnaire. When appraising the article, you read the author claims “the SF-36 is a valid and reliable instrument that measures general health”, this means:   

A. You found a series of 10 of those study designs (from previous answer) and now you need to critically review the articles and create a comparison table. What will be the independent and the dependent variables that you might want to identify in all studies to facilitate comparison?

When you find a report of original research (article) related to your clinical question or any others, what characteristics of the study will you consider to determine if its findings are valid?  (Please focus on the threats to the validity/Bias of the study). List and BRIEFLY describe TWO types of bias/threats to the validity of an experimental RCT design.

A two-tailed test is a test of statistical significance in which deviations from the null hypothesis in either direction is considered.

Match the following GOATs to their respective field

Can a hotdog be categorized as a sandwich?

Which of the following commands can be used to prevent a printer named Printer1 from sending print jobs in the print queue to the printer?

After modifying the /etc/aliases file, what command must be run in order to rebuild the email aliases database?

Which of the following characters can be entered at the beginning of a line in a shell script to ensure that line is recognized as a comment line only?