B. Read the following passage, and answer the questions (Q1-Q5).  오늘 수빈이는 친구 민지와 같이 옷을 사러 백화점에 갔습니다. 백화점 안은 쇼핑하러 온 사람들 때문에 아주 복잡했습니다. 수빈이는 요즘 유행하는 짧은 치마와 블라우스, 그리고 굽이 높은 샌들을 사고 민지는 운동할 때 (B) _____ 편한 바지와 티셔츠를 샀습니다. (C) 한국은 유행이 자주 바뀌어서 옷 사기가 어렵습니다. 민지는 캐나다에 계시는 아버지께 (D) _________ 얇은 편 자켓도 하나 샀습니다. 세일을 해서 반값으로 싸게 살 수 있었습니다. 그런데 현금이 모자라서 카드로 냈습니다. 수빈이하고 민지는 마음에 꼭 드는 옷을 싸게 사서 기분이 아주 좋았습니다.   4. Select the appropriate word in (D): (4pts) __________,

C. Listen to the conversation, and answer the following questions (Q1-Q5). 1) 소피아는 방학 때 어디 갔다 왔어요?  __________ (3pts)

B. Listen to the conversation, and answer the following questions (Q1-Q5).  5) 맞는 것을 고르세요(Which of the following is true? __________ (4pts)

A. Listen to the conversation, and answer the following questions (Q1-Q5). 5) 야구장에 갈 때 왜 두꺼운 옷을 입고 가야 돼요? __________ (4pts)

C. Listen to the conversation, and answer the following questions (Q1-Q5). 5) 틀린 것을 고르세요. (Which is the INCORRECT answer?) __________ (4pts)

A. Listen to the conversation, and answer the following questions (Q1-Q5). 4) “이번 주엔 날씨가 따뜻했으면 좋겠어요.” 은 무슨 뜻(mean)이에요? __________ (4pts)

C. Listen to the conversation, and answer the following questions (Q1-Q5). 2) 소피아의 한국 여행은 어땠어요? __________ (4pts)

Please log into the following website and complete the assessment titled “ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A” www.atitesting.com I have completed the ATI RN Pharmacology Practice 2023 A by accessing this “quiz” through HonorLock.  RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A – is open & available for completion.  ***Handwritten remediation & Individual Performance Profile submission due by Monday November 24th at 11:59pm. (See ATI Module for submission details.)

What happens to the iron ions that are released when red blood cells (RBCs) are broken down?

Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease (ALD) 1. Background Definition: Spectrum of liver injury due to chronic alcohol use — fatty liver → alcoholic hepatitis → cirrhosis. Pathophysiology: Alcohol → ↑NADH/NAD⁺ ratio → impaired fatty acid oxidation → steatosis. Acetaldehyde causes oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury, and inflammation. Chronic exposure leads to fibrosis and portal hypertension. Epidemiology: Second most common cause of cirrhosis in the U.S. Risk rises with intake >40–60 g/day in men, >20–40 g/day in women. Synergistic injury with obesity or viral hepatitis. 2. History Symptoms: Early: fatigue, anorexia, nausea, or vague RUQ pain. Advanced: jaundice, pruritus, edema, abdominal distension, confusion (encephalopathy). Risk factors: Long-term heavy alcohol use, poor nutrition (especially folate, thiamine). Coexistent hepatitis C or metabolic syndrome accelerates damage. Alcohol timeline: Steatosis can appear after weeks of heavy intake; hepatitis requires sustained use; cirrhosis follows years of abuse. 3. Exam Findings General: Fever (alcoholic hepatitis), cachexia, jaundice. Skin: Spider angiomas, palmar erythema, ecchymoses. Abdomen: Hepatomegaly (early), splenomegaly, ascites, caput medusae. Neurologic: Asterixis, confusion, tremor (encephalopathy). Endocrine: Gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, menstrual irregularities. 4. Diagnosis A. Laboratory Findings Stage Typical Findings Steatosis Mild ↑AST/ALT (2 : 1 (values 100 fL) common due to folate deficiency. AST > ALT hallmark due to mitochondrial damage. B. Imaging Ultrasound: Fatty infiltration, nodular liver, splenomegaly, ascites. Elastography: Estimates fibrosis. CT/MRI: Excludes alternate causes or HCC. C. Severity Scoring (Alcoholic Hepatitis) Maddrey Discriminant Function (MDF): ≥32 → severe disease. MELD or Lille score guide prognosis and treatment response. D. Differential Diagnosis Viral hepatitis, drug-induced injury, hemochromatosis, MAFLD, autoimmune hepatitis. 5. Management A. Alcohol Cessation (Essential) Abstinence halts progression and can reverse steatosis. Refer to counseling, behavioral therapy, and pharmacologic support (acamprosate, naltrexone, disulfiram). B. Nutritional Support High-protein, high-calorie diet; supplement thiamine, folate, and zinc. Correct electrolyte abnormalities. C. Specific Therapy (Alcoholic Hepatitis) Corticosteroids (prednisolone 40 mg/day × 28 days) if MDF ≥ 32 or MELD ≥ 20 and no infection. Pentoxifylline if steroids contraindicated. Treat concurrent infections before starting steroids. D. Cirrhosis Management Complication Key Treatment Ascites Sodium restriction, spironolactone ± furosemide, paracentesis Varices Nonselective β-blockers, endoscopic band ligation Encephalopathy Lactulose ± rifaximin HCC screening Ultrasound ± AFP every 6 months E. Advanced Disease Liver transplant for end-stage cirrhosis; many centers require ≥6 months sobriety. F. Prevention Routine screening for alcohol misuse. Vaccinate against HAV and HBV. Address comorbid obesity, diabetes, and viral hepatitis. A 54-year-old man presents with two weeks of fatigue, jaundice, and right upper quadrant discomfort. He drinks approximately six beers daily and has done so for 20 years. Laboratory results: Test Result Reference Range AST 180 U/L (10–40 U/L) ALT 75 U/L (7–56 U/L) Alkaline phosphatase 130 U/L (44–147 U/L) Total bilirubin 4.2 mg/dL (0.2–1.2 mg/dL) INR 1.8 (0.8–1.2) MCV 104 fL (80–96 fL) Which of the following findings is most characteristic of this patient’s condition?