If Lucy orders her groceries at one grocery store, she earns cash back that she can use toward additional groceries. She earns no cash back if she buys her groceries at another grocery store. Lucy buys groceries at the store with cash back more often. This is an example of which of the following?

Jack’s behavior analyst allows Jack to choose between two different work bins, each of which require roughly the same amount of effort. Completion of the first work bin results in Jack getting to play a preferred game on a tablet for several minutes. If Jack chooses to complete the second work bin, however, he gets to listen to music. Across multiple sessions, Jack completes the second work bin significantly more times than the first work bin. Which of the following assessments did the behavior analyst use in this scenario?

Sawyer is working with Meredith in her home. Sawyer tells Meredith, “Go wash your hands.” Sawyer delivers praise after Meredith washes her hands. Sawyer then says, “Go to the kitchen and get a fork and a plate.” Next, Sawyer asks, “What are you holding?” and Meredith responds, “Fork.” Sawyer then tells Meredith to get a snack that she can eat with a fork. Which basic element is Sawyer while teaching in this scenario?

Leah sets up a free-operant preference assessment with her client, Ava. She places a variety of toys around the room and observes from a distance. Leah records how long Ava interacts with each toy. What should Leah do next?

A behavior analyst is working with a client who frequently engages in self-injurious behavior to escape tasks. The analyst decides to implement a DRA procedure to teach the client to hand over an icon to request a break (PECS®). What should the analyst do when the client exchanges a “break icon”?

Jada is using a single-item duration preference assessment to identify the preferences of her client, Theodore. She begins by presenting a toy truck to Theodore and starts a 2-minute timer. Theodore then plays with the truck for a brief time before a second timer starts. When the first timer beeps, Theodore is still playing with the truck. What should Jada do next in this preference assessment?

Ryan is teaching his client to select items by their function. Ryan places a picture of a brush closer to the client and a picture of a toothbrush and a deodorant slightly farther away. Ryan then says, “Touch something you use for your hair?” Which prompt is Ryan using?

Seraphina, a manager at a group home, is observing a resident folding his laundry. She determines that Ralph needs to complete this task faster, which allows for more leisure time, something Ralph has been complaining about not having enough of. Seraphina decides to provide a token and praise Ralph when he reaches the criteria of two folded items per minute, which is the average of the other residents. If he only folds one item per minute, she still provides praise. Which characteristic of behavior is Saraphina targeting using differential reinforcement?

Felisha gathers the six items that her client Grant’s parents reported were his highest preferred and presents all six of the items to Grant at one time on a table. Felisha tells Grant to pick one item. After Grant picks one of the items, Felisha removes the other items and allows Grant access to the selected item for a brief period while she records data. For the next trial, Felisha presents all six of the items to Grant again on the table and repeats this process ten times. What type of preference assessment method is Felisha using?

Morton conducts a preference assessment with his client. The preference assessment indicates that playing with cars is a preferred activity. However, when Morton provides his client with time to play with cars, contingent on responding, the client engages in repetitive vocalizations unrelated to playing with the car. This scenario suggests which of the following regarding the client’s preference?