A female chooses a mate by

During operant conditioning the stimulus-response connection is weakened by repeated punishment.

Survivorship may be defined as the probability of newborn individuals of a cohort surviving to a particular age interval or as the proportion of the population surviving from the previous age interval.

Adaptive behavior has probably been selected by evolutionary processes because it

Many worker bees give their lives to save a bee hive from an attack by bears or other animals. In such cases, we now know that

The Civil Rights Act of 1866:

The Confederate assault on Fort Sumter was triggered by:

As the Civil War began, which major geographic advantage did the South have?

Which battle was the bloodiest day in American history?

Henry Wirz was executed after the Civil War because he had: