Anthony, a restaurant manager, says the following to the wait staff, “We are operating at a limited seat capacity this week, due to being short-staffed in the kitchen. Therefore, we have limited needs in the dining area. If you are late for work this week, you will be asked to go home, and I will give your hours to another team member. I know all of you need the hours, but I need you to be on time.” What type of reinforcement is the manager using?

Joseph and Isabella are optical sales representatives, selling branded eyewear collections. Joseph spends five days a week conducting sales visits. His co-worker, Isabella, only spends four days a week conducting sales visits and always outperforms him by at least seven sales. In which component of performance might Isabella be considered stronger than Joseph?

For the past five years, Samuel has served as a senior consultant at the firm. As his line of business has grown, Samuel has taken on increased responsibilities and is now at the point where he is working on more than seven projects every quarter. Samuel asks Hali (his manager) if they can hire two associates to help them in completing the projects, and Hali agrees that extra help is necessary. Samuel hires two new associates; what is this step in the motivational process?

Ryan’s company started building simple logic control circuits for various household appliances. They have recently changed their focus to designing custom software to be used in Internet-enabled appliances. To date, they have designed software for refrigerators that keeps an inventory of certain products and reorders items before they run out. They have also designed software for ovens, washers and dryers, and dishwashers. Currently, the board of directors is seeking a new chief executive for the company to execute a growth strategy as they try to compete in an incredibly dynamic and evolving environment. What type of leader is most appropriate for this company?

Joe reflects on his summer internship: “My manager was always available to meet with me. Even though I know that they had a highly demanding schedule, we met once a week to discuss my progress. They also introduced me to a couple of managers in other departments to help me not only learn more about the company but to continue to explore my career interests. I am grateful to have had such a supportive manager, who always put my needs first.” What type of leader was Joe’s manager?

The performance formula is performance = motivation x effort x talent.

According to your reading, the following efforts can assist you in developing political skills, EXCEPT:

“I was hoping that Colin would stop interrupting Reese in our staff meetings, but it has been going on for the last two meetings. I am going to have to talk to him about it,” says the manager. What type of reinforcement has the manager been using, that is not working?

The day-to-day interactions between Rejat, a sales associate, and Alessandro, the store manager, are based on ________ power.

According to your reading, leadership is commonly a hierarchical top-down reporting relationship structure and management is shared in all directions.