The 55 year old client tells you that she has smoked 2 packs of cigarettes per daysince she was 14 years old. How many pack-years should be recorded in the client’s history?

When auscultating for vocal resonance in a client with possible consolidation of lung tissue, the nurse practitioner hears “a-a-a” when the client says “e-e-e.” This is called:

59-year-old man with a known history of COPD presents with worsening dyspnea. On examination he is afebrile. His breath sounds are decreased bilaterally. He is noted to have jugular venous distension (JVD) and 2+ pitting edema of the lower extremities. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his increasing dyspnea?

When performing a clinical breast examination, you remember to inspect the lymph nodes because …

What technique should be used to best auscultate the second heart sound?

As you assess your patient you document Oslers nodes. You realize this could be a sign of .

A 30 yr old female is in the office c/o palpitations and some light-headedness for the past 6 months. These are random episodes, no definable pattern. The NP notices a mid-systolic click w/a late systolic murmur heard best in the apical area during auscultation of the chest. You would suspect:

You are assessing a neonate and note breast engorgement. You document this as an abnormality.

In assessing for asthma, you would expect to find a(n)_____________  tactile vocal fremitus .

The client has been told that he has a heart murmur. He asks you “What exactly is a heart murmur?” What is your best response?