During a wellness visit, a 72-year-old patient asks why agin…

During a wellness visit, a 72-year-old patient asks why aging increases the risk of chronic diseases. The NP student explains that one contributing factor is the shortening of telomeres in dividing cells. Which of the following best describes how telomere shortening contributes to aging and disease risk?

During a primary care visit, a patient reports experiencing…

During a primary care visit, a patient reports experiencing facial flushing, nausea, and rapid heartbeat after consuming even small amounts of alcohol. The NP student recalls that genetic differences in alcohol metabolism can influence tolerance and adverse reactions. Which of the following best explains the patient’s symptoms after alcohol consumption?