Samuel Gompers is most recognized for:    a.  the invention of air brakes for trains.   b.  his role as an early union leader.    c.  invention of a steel manufacturing process.    d.  the development of refrigerated train cars. 

The Beard-Hacker Thesis claims that postbellum economic growth in the United States   a.  was slowed by rapid immigration.   b.  was accelerated by rapid immigration from English speaking countries.   c.  was slowed by the formation of industrial monopolies.   d.  was accelerated by economic and financial changes generated by the Civil War.

The most significant kind of federal subsidy to railroads was   a.  loans from the U.S. government.   b.  reduced corporate income taxes.   c.  land grants.   d.  direct payments based on the number of miles of tracks laid.

(04.03 MC)A researcher wanted to examine the effect of continued education on crystallized intelligence in individuals aged 45-75. To do this, he designed a study comparing two groups: one group that has consistently engaged in learning activities throughout adulthood and another group that has not. At several intervals, participants were given a general knowledge assessment. Scores were compared across age groups. What type of data was collected in this study?

Modern investment banking houses emerged in the U.S. in the 19th century to assist in financing   a.  railroad construction.   b.  mail-order houses.   c.  large corporations producing iron and steel.   d.  the textile industry.

(04.04 MC)Patrick, a one-year-old baby, attends a daycare where his teacher is bilingual. While at school, Patrick looks at a book, points to a picture, and says “gato.” When he sees the same picture at home, he says “cat.” Which stage of language development is Patrick in?

The charter of the Bank of the United States was not renewed in 1811 in part because ​   a.  Thomas Jefferson, who was president at the time, believed it to be unconstitutional.   b.  of years of general instability in the value of currency.   c.  of instability and uncertainty in the expansion of credit.   d.  of fears of foreign ownership and manipulation.

According to Walton and Rockoff, the primary reason for the demise of the canal system was    a.  excessive reliance on individual entrepreneurs so that a system of canals was never created.   b.  excessive government regulation that kept canal rates and profits too low.    c.  environmental damage from deforestation that left canals flooded at some times and dry at others.   d.  competition from the railroads. 

Which US President was in office during World War I?   a.  Grover Cleveland   b.  Herbert Hoover.    c.  Abraham Lincoln.   d.  Woodrow Wilson.

During the Civil War, __________ fell in the North.   a.  nominal wages   b.  real wages   c.  prices   d. inflation