Which of the following are true regarding spontaneous modes?1.    The patient determines the rate2.    Apnea alarms and ventilation back-up mode should be set3.    The ventilator determines and controls the rate4.    The patient determines the tidal volume

A patient on a mechanical ventilator with the FiO2 set at .35 has a PaO2 of 50 mmHg. How  would you change the FiO2 to achieve a PaO2 of 70 mmHg?

What does the following pressure volume loop represent? PV Loop Leak.png 

Routine monitoring of the mechanically ventilated patient includes the artificial airways.  About once every 8 to 12 hours, the endotracheal or tracheostomy cuff pressure should be checked to guarantee that cuff pressures do not exceed ____.

The high pressure alarm is set ___________ above the patient’s PIP level. 

What does the following pressure volume loop represent? PV loop Raw.jpg 

Which of the following ventilator heater temperatures below meet the optimum humidity requirement? 

   You are at the bedside of a ventilated patient and notice that the low pressure alarm is sounding. Which of the following below is likely the cause? .

Calculate the total minute ventilation given the following information: AC Mode FiO2 .40 Vt 600ml Rate 12 Patient’s Respiratory Rate 20

When a ventilator delivers a breath at a pre-determined time interval, the mechanical breath is  __________-triggered.