NH3 molecular shape: hybridization of the central atom write in normal characters sp, sp2, sp3 name: number of sigma bonds: number of pi bonds:

The sketch below shows the relative change in energy as two hydrogen (H) atoms are brought closer together. Copy the diagram, then label the point where the bond is most likely to form by inserting two dots to the hydrogens forming the bond, based on Coulomb’s theory. Show all work for this question for full credit. Write out your response on a separate sheet of paper, labeling the question number clearly and circling or highlighting all answers. You will upload a photo of your response at the end of the exam. See the description for details The image shows a graph depicting the relationship between energy (on the y-axis) and distance (on the x-axis). The curve starts from high energy, decreases to a minimum, and then increases again.

Some helium gas is stored in a tank at 5.0 °C and has a pressure of 5 atm. What is the pressure inside the gas tank if the temperature is raised to 40.0 °C?

The principal metals used for US coinage are elements 79, 47, 28, 29, and 30. Give the names, not the symbols, for these five elements and the name of the general group on the periodic table to which they all belong. Number Name 79 47 28 29 30 General Group:

Which element is designated by the electron configuration 1s2, 2s2, 2p5?

What type of light on the electromagnetic spectrum has the highest energy per photon? See the description for details The image shows a diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum, which represents the full range of electromagnetic radiation. It is divided into several regions based on wavelength and energy. On the left side, gamma rays have the highest energy and shortest wavelength, followed by X-rays and ultraviolet light. In the middle, the visible spectrum is shown, represented by a gradient of colors from violet to red, which corresponds to the light we can see. On the right side, waves like infrared, microwaves, and radio waves have progressively lower energy and longer wavelengths. Below the spectrum is a visual representation of a wave, illustrating the varying wavelengths of these different types of radiation.

Michelangelo’s David statue is 18½ feet tall, including the base. Based on the fact that the density of marble stone is 160 lbs/cubic foot, a person could estimate that the statue weighs about 5,300. lbs, or 2,325 kg (1 kg is 1,000 g). Marble has a chemical formula of CaCO3 (calcium carbonate). In the 1750s, Joseph Black found that if calcium carbonate is heated to a temperature of over 825°C, it decomposes and releases “fixed air,” which is CO2, and produces lime (not the citrus fruit but a solid, white chemical compound). The chemical formula of lime is CaO. Write out a balanced equation for the reaction that shows CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) reacting to produce CaO (lime) and CO2 (carbon dioxide).  BYU-Approved David Statue Note: Show all work for this question for full credit. Label the question number clearly and circle or highlight all answers. You will upload your work at the end of the exam.

For the following elements, show where the electrons are probably located by indicating how many electrons are in the core electrons and how many are in the valence electrons. Phosphorus        Core electrons:      Valence electrons: Scandium           Core electrons:       Valence electrons: Iodine                 Core electrons:            Valence electrons: Mercury             Core electrons:         Valence electrons:  

The element lead was known in Roman times. It is soft and was formed into pipes to carry water to the homes of the Roman upper class. We get the word plumbing from the Latin word for this metal—plumbum. Some have put forth the idea that lead poisoning from the pipes may have affected the ruling class and contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire (this is why you should never eat a Pb and J sandwich). What is the symbol of this element?

Different regions, or blocks, of the periodic table correlate with the electron capacity of s, p, d, and f orbitals. These regions have been sketched on the periodic table below. For each region, enter the type of orbital correlated with it. (Enter only the letter.) See the description for details The image shows a diagram with four labeled regions: I, II, III, and IV. The diagram appears to represent sections of a larger structure, with each labeled region depicted as a separate area within the design.