The voice bar in spectrograms is present for voiced consonants.

The hallmark of a nasal is…

Palatal-alveolar fricatives and affricates have higher frequency frication energy than alveolar fricatives.

In regards to formants, what is sometimes called the velar pinch?

A negative VOT is generally perceived as a:

On a spectrogram, voiceless plosives are represented by an empty space prior to a quick burst of acoustic energy.

This information will be used for the next 2 questions.  (It is the same information as in the question above.  You do not need to go to any link). Virtual Reality Relaxation for Patients With a Psychiatric Disorder: Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial We developed an easy-to-use VR self-management relaxation tool (VRelax) with immersive 360° nature videos and interactive animated elements. A randomized crossover trial was conducted in 50 patients receiving ambulatory treatment for anxiety, psychotic, depressive, or bipolar disorder. Participants were randomly assigned to start with VRelax or standard relaxation and used both interventions for 10 days at home. They completed 8 visual analog scales of momentary negative and positive affective states before and after each session. Global perceived stress and psychiatric symptoms were measured before and after both intervention periods. Treatment effects were analyzed with multilevel mixed model regression analyses and 2-way analysis of variance. Both VRelax and standard relaxation exercises led to a statistically significant immediate improvement of all negative and positive affective states. Compared to standard relaxation, VRelax resulted in a significantly greater reduction of total negative affective state (change 16.2% versus 21.2%; t1684=−2.02, 95% CI −18.70 to −0.28; P=.04). Specifically, VRelax had a stronger beneficial effect on momentary anxiety (t1684=−3.24, 95% CI −6.86 to −1.69), sadness (t1684=−2.32, 95% CI −6.51 to −0.55), and cheerfulness (t1684=2.35, 95% CI 0.51 to 5.75). There were no significant differences between short-term effects of the two treatments on global perceived stress and symptoms. (“Affective” relates to moods, feelings or attitudes). Taken from: Veling W, Lestestuiver B, Jongma M, Hoenders HJR, van Driel CVirtual Reality Relaxation for Patients With a Psychiatric Disorder: Crossover Randomized Controlled TrialJ Med Internet Res 2021;23(1):e17233 Question:  What did they do in this trial to prevent confounding factors from affecting the results? (Include all that are relevant).

What technical problems did you have with taking this quiz? Now you have some time to work on your presentations for the last week of class : ) Have a great weekend!  

For the next three (3) questions, assume the body of the index.ejs file contains only the code shown below     Welcome to Our Page            Item 1              Item 2              Item 3      with the referenced item.ejs file containing     and that the server.js file has all the required packages, templating engines, paths, and file references set correctly, leaving just the “root” and “item” routes as shown below. You can assume that server.js is run on the localhost:port, where the port number is given and not relevant for the questions. app.get(‘/’, (req, res) => {  res.render(‘index’, {    itemName: null  });});app.get(‘/item/:itemID’, (req, res) => {  const prdID = parseInt(req.params.itemID);  const curItem = itemData.find(item => item.itemID === prdID);  if (curItem) {    const prdName = curItem.itemName;    const prdPrice = curItem.itemPrice;    const prdImage = curItem.itemImage;    res.render(‘index’, {      itemID: prdID,      itemName: prdName,      itemPrice: prdPrice,      itemImage: prdImage    });  } else {    res.status(404).send(‘Item not found’);  }}); Finally, you can assume that the itemData is coming from the following items.json file:

Comets